Extra Posting 2 / Jae woong KIM

Q1. How could we measure cultural globalization?

 

  Each country has its own culture and the degree to which the world's people are watching and liking it is a way to measure its cultural globalization. For example, Korea wave is very popular around the world.

  It is also one of the cultural globalization that President Moon Jae-in visited Korea and invited popular actors Song Hye Kyo and Chu Ja Hyeon-Woo Hyo Kwang to make a good atmosphere. Thus, cultural globalization is not a new culture, but rather how popular the individual culture of each country is popular and interested by people with different cultures.

 

 

Q2. How could a fusion culture look in 100 years?

 

  Over the next 100 years, the battle of fusion will be a battle between China and the United States. Currently, the United States is leading. If the World Summit Meeting is also called the G2, we are now talking about the United States and China.

There are factors that enable fusion.

1. Computer function development and price decline 2. Expansion of broadband capacity 3. Standardization of network structure 4. Networked open platform 5. Network effect 6. Deregulation 7. Globalization

  Computer functions will continue to evolve and Facebook is planning to connect the entire world with broadband, the platforms are becoming more diverse and the ability of others to consume more in the years to come. The government also supports these new media, and globalization is already underway.All of these elements above have really hit the U.S. That is why the United States now led the world. As you can see by the present situation, however, China has also opened itself to all of these elements. The fusion culture of 100 years to come will be that of America and China.

Extra Posting 1 / Jae woong KIm

Cultural imperialism

 

Journalism & Mass communication

2013051473

KIm jae woong

 

Cultural imperialism is the view that the issue of domination and subordination between developed and capitalist countries with wealth and power and those with relatively weak power is also applied to culture. The culture of products and fashion of developed capitalist countries is introduced into underdeveloped countries and the subordinate markets are subordinate markets that create and develop the demand and consumption of the culture of the dominant nation.

Obviously cultural imperialism has occurred in many areas, but I have seen this from a market perspective of the current world cinema. 70% of the world cinema market is dominated by the Hollywood market. The concept of culture is important because it is a factor that includes the lifestyle, lifestyle, customs, etc. of the country, so it is obvious that it definitely influences the people of the nation that consumes the culture.

Film is also the culture of the country. In other words, all the world is learning America's lifestyle, lifestyle, customs and so on, and will become unknowingly admired. This is a very dangerous thing, and it can be seen that the world is not a horizontal relationship but a subordinate relationship.

The reason for dominating the Hollywood world market is as follows. Cultural, economic, political, and historical factors. Cultural factors include capacity to make good stories, and universal stories. The economic factor is that the domestic market is really big, and it has economies of scale and an international distribution market comparable to movies. The historical factor is why Hollywood was the best, because it was not the time for Europe to make a movie after World War II, so it would sell it to countries that want to consume it. Political factors are supporting the American film industry.

Thus, cultural imperialism is happening in many fields, and these factors have arisen for a long time, whether they were intended or not.

Extra Posting3 / Sun Bo Sim

Cultural imperialism

Journalism & Mass communication

2013051644

Sim Sun Bo

 Through class I learned about cultural globalization. While cultural globalization is seen as a positive aspect, it has been negative in view of its progress so far. The cultural globalization that has been carried out is almost entirely the shape of the Westernization. I think this is the form of cultural imperialism I learned in other classes. Cultural imperialism can be traced to the word " imperialism. " We can see that the colonial point of view of culture was emphasized like imperialism, which means colonial rule. Culture imperialism can be linked to media imperialism. 
Cultural imperialism is criticized in many ways. First, through media, the distribution of culture, information, and knowledge among the developed countries and countries of the United States of America or Britain called developed countries was quantitatively disproportionate. Second, It is a distortion of the contents of cultural products. Culture products of developed countries contain world interpretations from the Western point of view or a Western-oriented values culture, but no third world stance was shown. So their products are not objective at all. Through Western media, Third World cultures are portrayed as barbaric and as a custom that should be eliminated. As a result They have been spreading their ideologies invisibly through media to small countries.
In sum, I think countries with political and economic superiority led the globalization, thus creating an imbalance. Therefore, I think it should be a priority for all countries to be on an equal footing in order to represent a desirable cultural globalization.

image source : http://www.mkyd.org/data_03/872607

Extra Posting ; Is the world government possible?

Extra Posting ; Is the world government possible?

Information Sociology

2014048640 Jeon Seung Hyeon

(Source : http://conpaper.tistory.com/51274)

 One of the TED video in the lecture was about globalization of power and its mutual dependency.

 It is often said that SF predicts the future. Many SFs talk about the emergence of world governments and the unity of the common problems of humankind. Star Trek, the famous movie, and Starcraft, the most influential game in Korea, also appear in the world government. Interestingly, Star Trek is a relatively democratic coalition, while Starcraft is a military dictatorship.

(Source : https://www.difference.wiki/dictatorship-vs-democracy/)

 I think that the imagination of this sci-fi was on social culture. Therefore, I think that globalization of power and mutual dependency will lead to world government and human community. And political globalization will ultimately lead to the creation of a world government. Because economic and cultural globalization is strengthening the homogeneity of mankind. On the other hand, international issues such as global warming and depletion of resources can not be solved by individual countries. For this reason, we think that the present UN will enter into a looser world federation.

 Whether such a federal government will be a centralized dictatorship, as it is treated in SF, or whether the autonomy of constituent states will be respected depends on the determination of the global civil society.

W14. Economic Globalization - Jeon Seung Hyeon

14. Economic Globalization

Information Sociology

2014048640 Jeon Seung Hyeon

[Title: Globalization and Unfair Trade through Coffee Video Made in EBS]

(Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9bgqOdEL34)

1. Introduction

 Economic globalization is one of the three main aspects of globalization, along with political globalization and cultural globalization, which means the free movement of goods, capital, services, technology and information. With the strengthening of cross-border mobility of goods, services, technology and capital, the economic integration and interdependence of national, regional and local economies is increasing worldwide. While globalization is an extensive series of processes involving networks of economic, political, and cultural exchanges, modern economic globalization is driven by the rapidity of information in all types of production, marketization, and technological development.

 Economic globalization consists mainly of globalization of production, finance, markets, technology, organizational systems, institutions, enterprises and labor. While economic globalization has expanded since the advent of transnational trade, it has increased steadily as communications and technology advances in the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the WTO framework. Reduce trade barriers and open current and capital accounts. The economic boom leads to greater integration with the majority of the world through foreign direct investment, lowering the cost of doing business, reducing trade barriers, and in many cases, the support of developed countries that support overseas migration.

 Globalization will dramatically increase income and economic growth in developing countries, lower consumer prices in developed countries, and change the balance of power between developing and developed countries, affecting the culture of each country. And as the position of production has changed, many jobs have resulted in crossing borders, and some workers in developed countries need to change jobs.

(Source : https://medium.com/@roffhop/90%EB%85%84%EB%8C%80%EC%97%90-%EC%93%B4-%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%ED%99%94%EB%9E%80-%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%87%EC%9D%B8%EA%B0%80-d8df3eb1f233)

2. Key concepts and phenomena

 

1) Historical context

 International commodity markets, labor markets and capital markets constitute the economy and define economic globalization.

 From 4000 BC people were trading livestock, tools and other items. In the Sumerian civilization of Mesopotamia, the token system was one of the first forms of commodity money. The labor market consists of workers, employers, wages, income, supply and demand. The labor market is as old as the commodity market. The first labor market provided workers to grow livestock to grow crops and sell them later in the local market. Capital markets have emerged in industries that require resources that transcend the resources of individual farmers.

2) Influence of technology development

 Globalization connects all the people of the world over geographical boundaries. This progress of economic globalization has been confounded by the First World War. The majority of the world's economies have established protectionist economic policies and introduced trade barriers to delay trade growth until the recession. This has slowed global trade and has even created other countries with immigrant caps. Globalization has not been fully resumed until the 1970s when the government began to emphasize trade interests. The development of technology today has led to the rapid expansion of world trade. Three factors, such as the development of science and technology, market-oriented economic reform and the contribution of multinational corporations, have accelerated economic globalization.

 In 1956, the invention of container transportation was a major part of the reduction of shipping costs with increasing ship size.

(Source : https://namu.wiki/w/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:attachment/%EB%B6%80%EC%82%B0%ED%95%AD/busanport.jpg)

*(Original Source : Busan City Hall Provided)

3) Policy and Government Impact

 Economic globalization is one of the three main components of globalization that is common in academic literature and the other two are general terms of globalization as well as political globalization and cultural globalization.

 The GATT / WTO system has encouraged participating countries to reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade. The government has transformed the economy from central planning to market. These internal reforms have allowed companies to adapt more quickly and take advantage of technology change opportunities. Multinational corporations have reorganized production to take advantage of these opportunities.

 Labor-intensive production moved to lower labor costs, followed by other functions as skill levels increased. The network has increased the level of wealth. With a global system of consumption and geographical mobility that is very dynamic and a strong ripple effect, the London Stock Exchange has established new deregulation rules that enable the market's global interconnections, expecting a significant increase in market activity. This case became known as Big Bang finance theory.

3. Discussion point

 Economic globalization has had many positive impacts on the world, but it was as negative as that. In particular, there is a problem of unfair trade and very low profits for primary producers when exporting to developed countries in developing countries.

 Fair trade is offered as an alternative. Fair Trade is a social movement based on the market model of international trade in order to facilitate the payment of fair prices as well as social and environmental standards in various regions in relation to the production of various goods. The movement focuses specifically on exports from developing countries to advanced countries, mainly handicrafts, coffee, cacao, nose, wine and fruit.

 The purpose of fair trade is to work with producers and workers who have been thrown away from the competition carefully, to help them escape from vulnerable conditions so as to ensure their stability and economic self sufficiency. It is also aimed to give them the ability to become self-reliant by allowing them to own shares in their own organizations and to play a more active and broader role in the international arena in order to gain even more fairness in international trade.

W10. Political Globalization - Jeon Seung Hyeon

W10. Political Globalization

Information Sociology

2014048640 Jeon Seung Hyeon

[Title: TED video on nationalism and globalization]

(Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Go-duQxiMpg)

1. Introduction

 Political globalization means the growth of a global political world, especially in terms of the size and complexity of politics. The system includes intergovernmental organizations as well as independent governmental elements of the global civil society such as national governments and their governments, and international NGOs and social movement organizations. One of the main aspects of political globalization is the diminishing importance of the nation state and the increase of other actors in the political scene. The existence and formation of the United Nations (UN) has been called one of the classic examples of political globalization.

 William R. Thompson defines this as an extension of the world political system and that their institutions manage transactions between the regions. Valentine M. Moghadam describes this as "towards the emergence of an increasingly multinational, transnational nationalism, and to the emergence of national and international non-governmental organizations acting as government watchdogs, This is an increase."

 Manfred B. Steger defined "the strengthening and expansion of political interrelationships around the world" and Colin Croke said, "Globalization is a process of globalization that is driven by the forces of global governments, such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the World Trade Organization Increase. However, it also refers to the proliferation and influence of international non-governmental organizations, and social movement groups and transnational support networks are active at the borders and constitute a global civil society." Finally, Gerard Delanti and Chris Rumford define this as "the tension between the three processes that create the complex realm of global politics, the global norms, the global norms, and the three processes that interact with the network of multi-centrism".

 Political globalization is one of the three main dimensions of globalization that can be found in academic literature, including economic globalization and cultural globalization.

[United Nations General Assembly Hall in the UN Headquarters, New York, NY]

(Source : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_Nations_General_Assembly_Hall_(3).jpg)

2. Key concepts and phenomena

 

1) METHODOLOGY

 Salvatore Babones points out that the materials used by scholars to study political globalization are the Europa World Year Book for diplomatic relations between countries and the International Institute for Strategic Studies such as The Military Balance for military content Publications, and terrorism, emphasizes the usefulness of the US government publication Patterns of Global Terrorism.

Political globalization can be measured by data and weights on the number of embassies and senior officials in a country, the number of international organizations affiliated with it, the number of UN peacekeeping missions participated, and the number of international treaties concluded with other countries. This scale was used by Axel Dreher, Noel Gaston, Pim Martens, and Jeffery Haynes and is available at KOF institute at ETH Zurich.

2) Various aspects of the phenomenon

 Like globalization, political globalization has several aspects and leads to many interpretations. It has been discussed not only in the context of autonomous loss and division of social globalization, but also in the context of the possibility of a new liberation. Political globalization can be seen in democratization of the world, creation of world civil society, and movement out of the bounds of nationalism, in particular changes such as the only actors in the political field. Some questions at the heart of the discussion on political globalization are related to the future of the nation state. Whether its significance is diminishing and what is the cause of such a change; And to understand the emergence of the concept of global government. The creation and survival of the United Nations has been called a classic example of political globalization. Political actions by non-governmental organizations and social movements on various topics such as environmental protection are another example.

David Held suggested that political globalization, which continues through criticism of this insight as overly idealistic, could lead to the creation of world governments such as international democracy.

3. Discussion point

 There is a hot debate between political globalization and countries. The question is whether political globalization represents the decline of the nation state. Hyper Globalists argue that globalization has enveloped today's world in such a way that the national boundaries begin to lose their meaning. But skeptics believe that the nation - state remains an important role in international relations.

Extra Posting 2 / Sun Bo Sim

 Worries: Losing my job or not finding a job

Journalism & mass communication

 2013051644

Sun Bo Sim

The WVS we learned is a database site that gathers global survey data and is easy for us to 

use. We can use the site to see the lifestyle, social recognition, and cultural differences of each country.

To find a social difference between each countries. I looked for a survey of " jobs, " one of my biggest interests. Through the WVS, I was able to know the worries about losing my job or not finding a job of each country. To make a comparison, Korea and Japan were selected as Asian countries, and Germany and Sweden were selected as European countries.

As you can see from the pictures, people in Asia worry more about losing and finding jobs than people in Europe. In Korea and Japan, nearly half of the survey participants were found to have job worries, while in Europe, the least of them said they had worries. I have been thinking about why these results came out through Korean cases. There are several reasons why these results came out. I think the reason for this result is that it comes from ranking jobs. Korean students may take their pay and working environment seriously to choose their jobs. For example, office work in an office is preferred over technical work out in the field. They also tend to ignore small businesses because they want higher wages, and the competition is heating up as they search for larger companies. As a result, the number of high-ranking university graduates is on the rise, and the number of companies hiring these students has not increased, so the number of people who are unemployed naturally increased.

These Surveys is very intersting. I was able to compare awareness of European and Asian jobs with the precise numbers of surveys. and I analyzed why these results came out of my own way and I knew the importance of data.