W10. Political Globalization /2013051644 Sim-Sun-Bo

1.Summary

Summary

In articles author is explaining about political globalization. Author said previous globalization which is explained other people leads loss of autonomy and fragmentation of the social world. At the same time, the author introduced a new form of globalization which is called Political globalization. political globalization can be understood as atension between three processes which interact to produce the complex field of global politics: global geopolitics, global normative culture and polycentric networks.

First of three dimension of political globalization is the geopolitics of global power. one of the most pervasive forms of political globalization is the worldwide spread of democracy based on the parliamentary nationstate. Because Democratic government exists in some form in most parts of the world. The globalization of democratic politics has been the basis of the so-called ‘new world order’ that has been associated with the bid for worldwide supremacy.

Second dimension in political globalization, Global normative culture provides a normative reference to the nations and direction to political actors. To support this concept, the author explained the civil society. In terms of global, it is a new space that goes beyond the state and is a government inter-party area that is irrelevant to international capitalism. Specially as a global civil society, it has a lot of space, not a single space. It is multI-generational and is not based on a single principle of organization.

In this global civil society, States continue to be powerful actors but exist in a more globally connected world that they do not fully control. States have to share sovereignty with other global players. In the context of the growing influence of civil society, the argument is that the nation-state must share sovereignty with non-governmental actors, leading to multi-governance. And then A distinction needs to be made between states and nation-states.. In this context, Decoupling is occuredin nationalities and civil rights. Next these decoupling make domestic and international laws blurred. So Public areas can now be called global public areas. In local noramative culture,the public was used as a political site and could serve as a leading role in forming political communications. But now in global normative culture, It is spread in many different ways and is performed by many different kinds of social agents, including the state.

Finally polycentric networks also is dimension of political globalization. The author argue that the image of a ‘borderless world’ has long been associated with thinking about globalization. The power of global

processes to transcend national borders, annihilate distance and unite through global catastrophe has provided the globalization literature with a range of powerful metaphors like global village, world polity, fragile earth.

 The rescaling of politics as a consequence of globalization has caused a major reassessment of the role and meaning of borders and spaces in the construction of polities. The idea of a spatial turn denotes an increasing interest in the processes by which social space is constructed and the way space is constitutive of social and political relations, not merely the pre-given environment within which social conflicts, institutionalization, governance and social transformations are played out. Beck said that the relationship between spaces and borders is central to understanding political globalization.

 The globe can be experienced as a single political space which can be the focus of political attachments and identities, communities of interest, and can form a sphere of action.

In short, in this context polycentric networks, and in particular the development of global civil society, create new opportunities for autonomy and the recognition of a range of new actors and new modes of governance.

2. Interesting Point

Reading this article I was interested in several points. Most interesting point of several points is view of global geopolitics. It was interesting to see globalization in terms of global geopolitics. Actually, I didn’t know definitely what is geopolitics definitely. In articles Democracy is spread in world wide because Democracy is most pervasive ideologie. And I can easily understand that contents But and then Author said US can not be ablt to establish global supremacy. In this point, It was hard to accept author’s opinion. Because I think US already have global supremacy as a leader of democracy. After reading it, it was understandable, but it was interesting because of the content of the U.S.

3. Discussion Point

 Discussion point what I think is validity of global normative culture. Author said that decoupling of nationality and citizenship and also said decoupling led to a blurring of the boundary between national and international law. But I think it can’t be easy to be blurred between them. Because one country is very complex, such as scenery, economy, society, and culture. For example, the nation's economic markets and the U.S. economic markets are incomparably different.

 In layman's terms, the law applies differently depending on age. It is a leap forward that all countriesoperate in a single law because of the continuing process of globalization.